How an Allowance Helps Children Learn About Money

Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance. The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly.The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family. Timing is another consideration. Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthly allowance.
 
In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money. At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget. Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance.
 
The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving. Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics. Many people who have written on the subject of allowances say it is not a good idea to pay your child for work around the home. These jobs are a normal part of family life.
 
Paying children to do extra work around the house, however, can be useful. It can even provide an understanding of how a business works. Allowances give children a chance to experience the things they can do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving to a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save and maybe even invest it.
 
Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice: you have to cut costs and plan for the future. Requiring children to save part of their allowance can also open the door to future saving and investing. Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn about personal finance.
 
A savings account is an excellent way to learn about the power of compound interest. Interest rates on savings can be very low these days. But compounding works by paying interest on interest. So, for example, one dollar invested at two percent interest will earn two cents in the first year. The second year, the money will earn two percent of one dollar and two cents, and so on. That may not seem like a lot. But over time it adds up.

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. What is the purpose of not offering more money to children until their next allowance?

2. According to this article, is it true that paying children to do extra work is useful?
3. What are the advantages of saving?

EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. Do you agree with this article?
2. In your family, are you teaching your children how to budget their allowance?
3. Do you think it is good to pay children in doing some extra work at home?
4. What do you think is the advantage of teaching children how to save money?
5. How important is money to you?

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Most Divorces Due to Household Chores

Most people believe that the biggest grounds for divorce are either infidelity or arguments over money. However, a new report from British law firm Gateley suggests otherwise. According to its analysis of 350 divorce cases, seven out of ten divorces occur because of disputes over who does what household chores. Twenty per cent of divorces are due to unfaithfulness. 

Gateley says gone are the days when the wife did all the cooking and cleaning. Dual income marriages now mean split responsibilities for vacuuming, doing the dishes and tidying. Gateley advised couples to discuss who does what before walking down the aisle. A spokeswoman said that, "going into a marriage blind could be a recipe for disaster".

Conversely, a study in Norway suggests that couples who share household chores are more likely to split up. Thomas Hansen, co-author of the report 'Equality in the Home,' said the divorce rate among couples who shared housework equally was 50 per cent higher than for those where women did all the work. 

Mr Hansen said that in Norway women did most of the housework in 70 per cent of marriages, and were "largely happy" to do so. An adverse side effect of marital discord is that many families are now "too poor to split up". The U.K. charity Relate said that in many middle-income families, couples stay together because they can't afford to divorce. Relate says this results in a "toxic" home environment.


EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY
1.Infidelity [IN-FEE-DE-LI-TI]
Meaning: (noun) Unfaithful to a moral obligation especially when it comes to marriage.
Example Sentence: She found out that her husband was guilty of infidelity.

2.Dispute [DIS-PYUT]

Meaning: (verb) To argue or to question something
Example Sentence: You can dispute your bill if you think it is higher than your expectations.

3.Discord [DIS-KORD]

Meaning: (noun) Lack of agreement or harmony between two people; Always fighting
Example Sentence: My husband and I always have discord because we both have a very high pride.

4.Adverse [AD-VERS]

Meaning:(adjective) Acting different to what you are saying; to disagree to someone's interest; a different effect
Example Sentence: The adverse effects of drugs are severe so it shouldn't be allowed in the market.

5.Toxic [TOK-SEEK]

Meaning: (adjective) Something dangerous and poisonous
Example Sentence: Chemicals thrown in the ocean are toxic especially for the fish.





EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What do you think of household chores being a big factor in divorces?
2. Do you think husband and wife should help each other in doing household tasks? Why?
3. Men are generally physically stronger, so should they do more of the housework?
4. What is your most hated household chore, and why?
5. What is the easiest household task for you? Why?



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World's Children Care Most About Education

A global survey has asked 6,204 children in 47 countries around the world about their hopes, dreams and fears. The worldwide "Small Voices, Big Dreams" report is from the children's charity ChildFund. It asked ten- to twelve-year-olds six questions about the world and their future. It discovered that education, food and the environment are their biggest worries. 

A Child Fund spokesman said: "We're always surprised…to see how much [importance] children…put on education." He added that he was pleased children saw the link between education and a better future: "It shows the depth of maturity of children, who clearly understand the connection between education and changing their worlds for the better."

The children were asked the question: "If you were president or leader of your country, what would you do to improve the lives of children in your country?" Most said they would focus on education. The children also answered the question "What are you most afraid of?" 

Over 25 per cent of kids in developing countries said their greatest fear was dangerous animals and insects. The environment was also a big concern for the children. The report says: "Across the world, nearly half of children said they would either plant more trees, build additional green spaces or decrease littering to help improve the planet." Regarding future careers, almost 20 per cent of children want to be a professional athlete when they grow up.

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1.	How many countries were in the survey?
2.	What kind of organization is ChildFund?
3.	How many questions were in the survey?
4.	What link pleased a Childfund spokesman?
5.	How do children think education changes their world?
6.	What would most children focus on if they were leader of their country?
7.	What are over a quarter of children afraid of?
8.	What was also a big concern for children?
9.	What extra things do children want to build?
10.	What career choice is mentioned at the end of the news story?

EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What springs to mind when you hear the word '10-year-old'?
2. What was your life like when you were ten years old?
3. What were your biggest fears when you were 10? Are you still afraid?
4. Do you think all 10-year-olds worry about education?
5. What were your dreams when you were ten, and have those dreams changed?
6. Did you worry about the environment when you were ten?





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Bamboo Shortage a Risk to Pandas

The giant panda is already on the endangered list. The number of pandas in the world has been falling for decades. There are several reasons for this. One is that many of the panda's forests have gone. They have been cut down to make towns and cities. Another is the fact that the animal breeds very slowly and has few cubs (baby pandas). 

The panda is now facing another big threat to its survival – a shortage of food. A new report shows that bamboo, the panda's main food, is disappearing because of climate change. Bamboo is pretty much the only food the panda eats. Ninety-nine per cent of its diet is bamboo. An adult panda needs around 38 kilograms of bamboo every day.

The study predicts that nearly all the bamboo in China's Qinling Mountains could disappear by the end of this century because of global warming. That means pandas would have nothing to eat. The study said: "Results suggest that almost the entire panda habitat in the [Qinling] region may disappear by the end of the 21st century." 

The researchers said the only chance of survival the panda has is if they move higher up the mountains. Scientist Jianguo Liu warned that we must start helping pandas now, saying: "It is tough, but I think there's still hope, if we take action now." Panda lovers are shocked at this latest bad news. Panda expert Chang Leng said it was time for the world to wake up and help the panda.

EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY

1. endangered [EN-DEYN-JERD]
Meaning: (adjective) Decreasing in number of species.
Example Sentence: Because of hunting, crocodiles are now considered endangered in the Philippines.

2. threat [THRET]
Meaning: (noun) Something dangerous or harmful
Example Sentence: He was willing to use violence and threats to get what he wanted.

3. expert [EKS-PERT]
Meaning:(adjective) Displaying special skill or knowledge derived from training or experience

Example Sentence: The company has become expert at adapting its products for new clients.

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1.	What kind of list is the panda on?
2.	Why have the panda's forests disappeared?
3.	What does the article say about the panda's breeding habits?
4.	What does the figure of 99 mean?
5.	What kind of panda eats around 38 kg of bamboo a day?
6.	When might the Qinling Mountains bamboo disappear?
7.	What did the study say the panda must do to survive?
8.	What did Jianguo Liu say must start now?
9.	Who did this latest news shock?
10.	What did Chang Leng say it was time for the world to do?

EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What do you think of pandas?
2. How can we protect pandas and their food and habitat?
3. How can we slow down climate change?
4. How sad would you be if all the pandas disappeared?
5. Have you ever seen a panda? Tell me about it.




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"Toilet Theme Park" opens in S. Korea

A city in South Korea has added a new attraction to its cultural landscape - the world's first "Toilet Theme Park". The Restroom Cultural Park in the city of Suwon is proving a huge hit with locals and tourists alike. The latest tourist site is dedicated to the memory of former city mayor Sim Jae-duck, affectionately known as "Mr Toilet". 

He believed the toilet is a very important and under-appreciated aspect of world culture. Visitors to the park can admire its toilet-bowl-shaped exhibition hall as well as dozens of bronze statues in various toilet positions. They can even sit on Mr Kim's original toilet, which includes a full-length glass door that mists up when it is being used.

Suwon has become well known for the promotion of toilet culture. The city attracts toilet-related artwork from around the world to its galleries. It famously hosts the Golden Poop Art Festival – a celebration of one of the calls of nature. The city also lists dozens of its own public toilets as tourist attractions on its website. 

Sim Jae-duck's own giant, toilet-shaped house, now a museum, should be the must-see for enthusiasts. Mr Sim's fascination with toilets supposedly began because he was born in the smallest room of his mother's house. He said in 2007: "The toilet…can save humankind from diseases [and is] a place for introspection. The toilet is also a central living place that possesses culture."


EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY

1. Affectionately [A-FEK-SHU-NEYT-LI]
Meaning: (adverb) motivated by love or affection
Example Sentence: Before saying goodbye, she affectionately hug her husband.

2. Mists [MIST]
Meaning: (verb) to become moist; (noun)water in the form of particles floating or falling in the atmosphere at or near the surface of the earth and approaching the form of rain.
Example Sentence: We could not clearly see the seashore because of the mist.



3. Enthusiasts [EN-TU-ZEE-YASTS]
Meaning: (adjective) Someone who is very interested in doing something.
Example Sentence: I am an adventure enthusiast.


4. Fascination [FA-SEE-NEY-SHUN]

Meaning: (noun) the state of feeling an intense interest in something
Example Sentence: She has a fascination when it comes to shoes.


5. Introspection [IN-TROS-PEK-SHUN]
Meaning: (noun) an examination of one's own thoughts and feelings
Example Sentence: When I am alone, I always do an introspection about the things happened to me in a day.






COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1.	What did South Korea add to its cultural landscape?
2.	Who is the theme park proving a huge hit with?
3.	Whose memory inspired the creation of the theme park?
4.	What is unusual about the exhibition hall at the theme park?
5.	What happens to Sim Jae-duck's original toilet when someone uses it?
6.	What has Suwon become famous for?
7.	What is the Golden Poop Art Festival a celebration of?
8.	What is unusual about Sim Jae-duck's house?
9.	Why did Sim Jae-duck become interested in toilets?
10.	What did Sim Jae-duck say toilets possess?

EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What do you think of a Toilet Theme Park?
2. How interested are you in visiting this park?
3. Do you think other Toilet Theme Parks will open around the world?
4. What can the park do to attract more visitors?
5. What new exhibitions could the park have?



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America re-elects President Barack Obama

Americans voted to re-elect incumbent president Barack Obama on Tuesday in one of the closest contests in U.S. history. President Obama saw off the challenge of Republican opponent Mitt Romney, who asked the nation to pray for Mr Obama in his goal to re-ignite the American economy. It was a nail-biting finish to what was a long, exhausting, bitter and expensive election campaign. 

Pre-election polls and TV stations said either man could have won the presidency. It all depended on several swing states, the winner of which would secure the 270 electoral votes needed to guarantee victory. Once the state of Ohio went to the Democrats, Obama knew he had another four years in the White House.

Many Americans felt relief that the election has now been decided. They had to endure dozens of nightly advertisements in what was the most expensive campaign in history. Most voters complained that the ads were overly negative and simply attacked the other side rather than outlining policy promises. 

Despite the poor state of the American economy, voters once again put their faith in Mr Obama. Many believe Obama won against all the odds. Thomas L Friedman of the New York Times wrote: "No one can know for sure what complex emotional chemistry tipped this election Obama's way…It came down to a majority of Americans believing that…Obama was trying his hardest to fix what ails the country."


EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY

1. incumbent [IN-KUM-BENT]
Meaning: (noun) One that occupies a particular position or place
Example Sentence: Voters will have the chance to see the incumbent and her opponent in a series of three debates.

2. re-ignite [RE-IG-NAYT]

Meaning: (verb) to begin to glow again; to make it prosper again
Example Sentence: The team reignite their aim to win the championship.

3. nail-biting [NEYL-BAY-TING]

Meaning: (noun) A situation marked by tense nervousness or apprehension, especially in a contest whose outcome is uncertain.
Example Sentence: They are both good in singing so it is nail-biting competition for the audience especially for their supporters.

EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What do you think of Barack Obama?
2. Who did you like better – Obama or Romney? Why?
3. What do you think of America's democratic process?
4. What do you think of two billion dollars being spent on the election?
5. What do you think is the importance of election?


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South Korea to Swap Textbooks for Tablets

South Korea’s government has announced ambitious plans to revolutionize school classrooms and provide the world’s first “smart education” system. It intends to digitize all textbooks in all schools by 2015. This means bulky, paper-based books are out and handheld tablets and e-readers are in. First in line to go digital are elementary schools, which will switch to online devices by 2014. 

South Korea’s Ministry of Education says it will invest $2.4 billion to create and deliver the e-learning and mobile-learning materials. Education Minister Lee Ju Ho explained the need to ensure teachers are sufficiently trained in using the new technology in class. "It's very important to make sure that the two can work together,” he said.

The Ministry has not yet made a decision on which make of products it will bring into the classroom. Many industry experts predict it will opt for Korean-made devices such as Samsung’s Galaxy Tab rather than gadgets from international rivals Apple or Sony. In addition to digital content in the classroom, the Ministry is also hoping to make online classes available for students who missed their lessons. 

South Korea is well known for its embrace of technology and high-speed Internet. A Ministry official stated: “Korean students have ranked first in terms of digital literacy among developed nations…That’s why Korean students, who are already fully prepared for digital society, need a [major] shift in education.”

EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY

1. Ambitious [AM-BI-SHUS]
Meaning: (adjective) Having a desire to achieve a particular goal. 
Example Sentence: The company was created by two very ambitious young men in the early 1900s.

2. Revolutionize [RE-VO-LOOS-SHU-NAYZ]

Meaning: (verb) To bring a radical change.; To change something entirely.
Example Sentence: Science has revolutionized the world. 


3. Digitize [DEE-GEE-TAYZ]

Meaning: (verb) To convert (as data or an image) to digital form.
Example Sentence: The record company digitized the songs and made them available on the Internet.


4. Predict [PRE-DEEK]

Meaning: (verb) To declare or indicate in advance; especially : foretell on the basis of observation, experience, or scientific reason.
Example Sentence: She claims that she can predict future events.


5. Literacy [LEE-TEA-RA-SEE]

Meaning: (noun) The act of learning something.
Example Sentence: The program is intended to promote adult literacy among people who have had very little schooling.


EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What do you think of the idea of swapping textbooks for tablets?
2. Do you think children will be better educated by using tablets?
3. Would you prefer to use a textbook or a tablet to learn?
4. Why do you think there aren’t more countries aiming for “smart education”?
5. What do you think of tablets like the iPad and Samsung Galaxy Tab?
6. What do you think of the idea of online classes for children?




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First Man on Moon Dies Aged 82

Neil Armstrong, the first man to step foot on the Moon, has passed away at the age of 82. The legendary U.S. astronaut died from complications following heart surgery he had earlier this month. He made history on July 20, 1969 as commander of the Apollo 11 Moon-landing mission. As he stepped onto the Moon's surface, he famously spoke the words: "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." 

He was 38 at the time of his historic walk and instantly became one of the most famous people on the planet. However, he spent the rest of his life trying to avoid the spotlight and downplay his achievement. He later said he never understood why people focused so much on what he did.

Armstrong was born in 1930 and grew up fascinated with flying after taking a plane at the age of 6. He began making model planes and collecting books and magazines on aviation. As a teenager, he got his pilot's license before his driving license. In 1949, he became a Navy pilot, and flew combat missions in the Korean War. In 1958, he joined the organization that became NASA and became a test pilot. 

Years after his Moon landing, Armstrong was asked how he felt about knowing his footprints would stay on the Moon's surface for thousands of years. He said: "I kind of hope that somebody goes up there one of these days and cleans them up." When asked about the Moon, he said: "It's an interesting place to be. I recommend it."

EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY

1. Legendary [LE-GEN-DA-REE]
Meaning: (adjective) Extremely well known; famous or renowned.
Example Sentence: He is the most legendary football player of his time.


2. Fascinated [FAS-SEE-NEI-TED]
Meaning: (adjective)  To be very interested in something or someone 
Example Sentence: I am fascinated about how animals understand each other.

3. Aviation [A-VI-YE-SHUN]

Meaning: (noun) airplane manufacture, development, and design
Example Sentence: The aviation industry is one of the most important source of income in the country.

4. Footprints [FOOT-PRINTS]

Meaning: (noun)a marked effect, impression, or impact; something that a person did to make him remembered all the time
Example Sentence: His research is one of his many footprints in the field of Science.



EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What do you know about Neil Armstrong?
 2. Why do you think Neil Armstrong wanted his footprints removed?
 3. What would be the best thing about going to the Moon?
 4. What would you do if you could spend a day on the Moon?
 5. What were you interested with when you were growing up?


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Airline Launches Child-Free Zone

A Malaysian airline has taken steps to help passengers who are fed up with screaming kids on flights. Air Asia is banning children under the age of 12 from sitting in the first seven rows of its economy class cabins. The airline said it is responding to the complaints of thousands of air travelers who say their biggest gripe while flying is the noise from children. 

The budget carrier has said its new booking system will mean passengers can reserve a seat in the new "quiet zone" at no extra cost, and experience "minimal noise". The new system will come into effect from February 2013. Air Asia's initiative follows a move earlier this year by Malaysian Airlines, who banned children from the top deck of its A380 aircraft.

The moves by the Malaysian airlines could be the start of a worldwide trend in air travel. A recent poll by Britain's "Daily Telegraph" newspaper found that nearly 70 per cent of people supported the introduction of child-free flights, not just child-free areas. 

Frequent flyer Jonathon Stannard welcomed Air Asia's policy, saying: "It's about time. Economy is stressful enough without having to endure screeching kids and crying babies. It's usually the parents' fault – they rarely do much to control their children." Travel writer Simon Calder said: "People need to be tolerant. People who have a problem with children on flights need to get over it." He added: "I have two words for them - ear plugs."


EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY

1. Gripe [GRIP]
Meaning: (Verb) To complain, esp in a persistent nagging manner.
Example Sentence: Because of his disappointment to his employer, Ana gripes it to the police.

2. Screeching [-S-KREET-CHING]
Meaning: (Noun) A high pitch voice (usually when a child is crying)
Example Sentence: Non-stop screeching of the children inside the theater annoyed the man.

3. Tolerant [TO-LE-RANT]
Meaning: (Adjective) Showing respect for the rights, opinions, or beliefs of others.
Example Sentences: To avoid conflict, people with different cultures should be tolerant enough.

4. Ear Plugs [eer-plag]
Meaning: (Noun) An ear phone
Example Sentence: We usually use ear plugs when we are listening to the music using our iPods.


EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What springs to mind when you hear the word 'child-free'?
2. Do you think people who feel the need for child-free zones lack basic tolerance?
3. What's your biggest gripe about flying?
4. What's your biggest gripe about children?
5. Do you think child-free flights would be successful?
6. What do you think of parents who let their kids scream and misbehave in public places?
7. Do you think ear plugs are the solution?






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The elephant that can speak Korean

An elephant in Korea has become a language student. Koshik, a 22-year-old male elephant, is already fluent in speaking "elephantese," but he is now trying to learn the Korean language Hangul. A report about Koshik was printed in the online journal "Current Biology". The author of the report is Dr Angela Stoeger-Horwath, who works at the University of Vienna in Austria. 

Researchers said Koshik has been listening to human speech for many years and has slowly learned to copy it. He can now say the Korean for hello, sit down, no, lie down, good, not yet, and yes. Dr Stoeger-Horwath asked 16 Koreans to listen to 47 recordings of Koshik. They could all understand what he was saying.

The researchers gave a few reasons why they think Koshik can talk. One possibility is that he has a very close relationship with his trainer, Kim Jong-gab. Mr Kim often sleeps near Koshik to keep him company. The trainer talks to him every day, so Koshik copied what he heard. 

Another is that the elephant is lonely and wants to communicate with people and have friends. The research team said the way Koshik makes sounds is very unusual - he uses his trunk to reproduce human speech. They said he is much better at making vowel sounds than consonant sounds. Trainer Kim Jong-gab said he has one more phrase that he wants to teach Koshik - "Saranghae," or "I love you."


EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY

1. Elephantese [E-LE-FAN-TEES]
Meaning: (Noun) Language spoken by Elephnats.
Example Sentence: Elephants in Thailand are considered elephantese.

2. Hangul [HANG-GUL]

Meaning: (Noun) The Korean Alphabet
Example Sentence: It is difficult to learn how to write Hangul.


COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS:

1.	What has an elephant in Korea become?
2.	How old is the elephant?
3.	What's the name of the online journal?
4.	Where does Dr Angela Stoeger-Horwath work?
5.	How many recordings did the 16 Koreans listen to?
6.	What kind of relationship does the elephant have with his trainer?
7.	Why does the trainer sometimes sleep near the elephant?
8.	How does the elephant communicate?
9.	What sounds can Koshik make better than consonants?
10.	What phrase does the trainer want to teach Koshik? EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1. What do you think of the idea of talking animals?
2. Would you like to be fluent in English? Why?
3. How difficult is it to learn a language? Why?
4. Do you think animals will be able to speak in the future? Why?
5. What advice would you give to Koshik to learn language?





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Jeans That Clean The Air

An innovative blend of fashion and science has resulted in the design of a new technology in jeans that cleans the air. Helen Storey, professor of fashion and science at The London College of Fashion, teamed up with Dr Tony Ryan, pro-vice-chancellor for the Faculty of Science at the University of Sheffield, to create what could be a ground-breaking solution to our environmental problems. 

They discovered that when denim is coated with tiny particles of the chemical titanium dioxide, it reacts with air and light to absorb and break down harmful emissions in the environment. The emissions become harmless and are washed away when the jeans are cleaned. This means we can help clean the air simply by going for a walk.

Ms Story and Dr Ryan have created a company to showcase their invention, called Catalytic Clothing. Their website says: "Catalytic Clothing seeks to explore how clothing and textiles can be used as a catalytic surface to purify air, employing existing technology in a new way." The technology is similar to how a catalytic converter in a car helps clean the fuel mix. 

Ryan makes bold claims about how effective the innovation could be. He maintains that if all of Sheffield's half a million residents wore the jeans to become walking air filters, the dangerous chemical nitrogen oxide in the city would disappear. The improvement in air quality could significantly reduce deaths and respiratory illnesses such as asthma.

EXERCISE 1. PRONUNCIATION/WORD VOCABULARY

1. innovative
Meaning: (Adjective) Ahead of time; advanced
Example Sentence: The innovative way to research is using the internet.

2. ground-breaking

Meaning: (Adjective) Characterized by originality and innovation; being or producing something like nothing done or experienced or created before.
Example Sentence: Companies should think for a ground-breaking products which are new to the eyes of the people.

3. denim

Meaning: (Noun)close-fitting trousers of heavy denim for manual work or casual wear. Some examples are jeans and trousers.
Example Sentence: It is comfortable to wear denim clothes especially when we need to work for a long time outside.

4. Catalytic converter

Meaning: (Noun) A catalytic converter (colloquially, "cat" or "catcon") is a vehicle emissions control device which converts toxic byproducts of combustion in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine to less toxic substances by way of catalysed chemical reactions.
See image: Catalytic Converter




EXERCISE 2. SHARING IDEAS

1.How important are jeans to you?
2.What do you think of jeans that clean the air?
3.What can you do to help keep the air clean?
4. How different would a city be if it was free from pollution?
5. What are the things you know about the problems in our environment?
6. Should health authorities and clothing companies invest in this technology?




***Click to see CATALYTIC CLOTHING's WEBSITE



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